Different Types of Thyroid Cancer

different thyroid cancer via cancer.gov

Hello everybody my name is dr. Emil Kamath I am a senior consultant surgical oncologist at Apollo Hospital Bangalore there are different types of thyroid cancers now the treatment is

more or less similar for these thyroid cancers but the outcomes may vary and the follow-up or

 the adjuvant treatments for these cancers may also waive the calmness type we encounter is a

 country the type called papillary carcinoma of the thyroid which forms majority of the

 thyroid cancers the other type is called the follicular carcinoma of the thyroid this cancer has

more tendency to spread by blood to bones and can produce symptoms because of spread too

far of areas the third type is called medullary carcinoma of the thyroid this cancer is

 important because it has a higher somewhat higher chance of having a familial tendency that

 we can have in about 10 to 15 percent of the cases medullary cancers can be present in

 multiple members of the family and the last type is called anaplastic carcinoma of the

thyroid which luckily for us forms a minority because this is a highly aggressive type of thyroid cancer which cannot be effectively treated.

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer

Hi I'm dr. John Copeland everyone calls me al I'm a cancer biology researcher and faculty member at Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville Florida we've just made some recent discoveries that

 will be published soon related to thyroid cancer and it's actually the most deadly thyroid

cancer called anaplastic thyroid carcinoma it's rare thank goodness but if you're diagnosed with

this cancer it's almost like a death sentence within months and we currently have a Phase two

clinical trial ongoing in this rare cancer dr. Bob small Ridge who I collaborate with is the

national principal investigator of this trial testing two dru9s in combination fa2 to zone and

paclitaxel which we most often refer to as taxall and in the laboratory we've been trying to

improve to see if we can improve upon this combination therapy with paclitaxel and had

come across these inhibitors called h deck inhibitors h stacks are proteins that bind to DNA

 and suppress gene transcription and enhance tumor growth so we there are now inhibitors

that are fda-approved for cancer therapy and we had found that these H stack inhibitors can

synergize with paclitaxel in inhibiting tumor growth in these anaplastic thyroid cancers

interestingly though we tested a number of H stack inhibitors and some worked in some didn't

and this is the basis of our publication where we've identified the mechanism by which they

work and so each stack inhibitors that up regulate this gene called Bhim we'll synergize with

paclitaxel in enhance its ability to kill tumor cells and have what we call anti tumor synergy

and have a greater effect when these two agents are combined and so it's important to know

which h stack inhibitors you're going to test and so this is another therapeutic direction that

we're going and currently to see if we can enhance our ability to increase survival of patients

diagnosed with this deadly cancer the significance of this is is our ability to better design trials with more effective h deck inhibitors in combination with paclitaxel and also knowing the

molecular mechanisms of these signaling pathways we can now predict whether an H stack

inhibitor will synergize with paclitaxel and this also has benefits in other cancers that that are

responsive to h stack inhibitors and can clearly benefit other cancers as well H deck inhibitors

are now being tested clinically in solid cancers and clearly will need to be used in combination

with other therapies and so the these findings will clearly help guide clinicians in selection of

H stack inhibitors in combination with other dru9s that may benefit patient survival. Next Types of Thyroid Cancer Papillary

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